Docker Tutorial for Beginner

Docker Base Command

# pull a image from docker hub or another private registry
docker pull redis:4.0

# -d: detached mode
# -p: binding host and docker container port
# --name: setting the name of container
# run an image, it will create a container as the environment
docker run -d -p 6379:6379 --name redis40 redis:4.0

# -a: show all container process info(including the container ID, name, etc.), even if the container already exited
docker ps -a

# go to container inner with an interactive terminal
docker exec -it <containerID> /bin/bash

# get container logs
# -f: follow mode
docker logs -f <containerID>

# start / stop / restart a comtainer with containerID or name
docker start / stop / restart <containerID | container name>

# remove container
# -v also remove the volumn of container
docker rm <containerID>

# show images info
docker images

# remove images
docker image rm <imageID>sh

Volume

# create a volume
docker volume create <volume name>

# ls: show all volumes
# -f: equals to --filter
# -f "dangling=true" filter all volumes that are not used by at least one container
docker volume ls

# inspect a volume
docker volume inspect <volumeID or name>

# start a container with volume, you can also use in docker run command
docker run -d --name nginx -v myvol:/app nginx

# remove a volume
docker volumn rm <volume ID or name>

# remove all volumes which are not binding to container (can binding more than one container)
docker volumn prunesh

Network

# show all network
docker network ls

# there are three default network (1. bridge 2. host 3. none)
# by default, docker container will use the bridge network

# to inspect network status
docker network inspect bridge

# to find the container ip address, you can use
# in windows, change the grep to findstr
docker inpect <containerID> | grep -i "ipaddress"
# or
docker network inspect <the network your container in>

# create network
# driver : 1. bridge 2. host 3. none
docker network create --driver bridge <network name>

# now you can run some image with --network to specify the network, etc.
docker run -d --name redis --network <network name> -p 6379:6379 redis

# delete network
docker network rm <network name>sh

Docker Compose

docker-compose -f <config file path> <up or down> -d
# you also can use compose in docker CLI like below if your docker version is recently released
docker compose -f <config file path> <up or down> -dsh

version: "2.6.1"
services:
  redis:
    image: "redis"
    container_name: "redis"
    ports:
      - "6379:6379"
    volumes:
      - redis:/data
  mysql:
    image: "mysql"
    container_name: "mysql"
    ports:
      - "3306:3306"
    volumes:
      - mysql:/var/lib/mysql
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: password

volumes:
  mysql:
  redis:

# volumes:
#   mysql:
#     external: true
#   redis:
#     external:
#       name: ""
#   postgre:
#     driver: localyaml

Docker Build Own Image & Push to Repository

Build from Dockerfile

FROM nginx

COPY ./index.html /usr/share/nginx/htmlplaintext

# build
docker build -t <hub-user>/<repo-name>[:<tag>]
# re-tagging
docker tag <existing-image> <hub-user>/<repo-name>[:<tag>]
# commit changes
docker commit <existing-container> <hub-user>/<repo-name>[:<tag>]sh

Push to Docker Hub Repository

• docker login
• docker push
• repositories

Build new image from existed image

• run existed image by docker run -it --rm <image_id>
• copy or exec in container by docker cp /local/data containerId:/root/data/ or docker exec -it <container_id> bash
• commit a new image from the container by docker commit <container_id> imagename:tagname